2Americans tend to prioritize individual liberty, while Europeans tend to value the role of the state to ensure no one in society is in need. Eastern Europe: Most people follow Orthodox Christianity or Islam. Most are also members of NATO. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. By this measure, young Estonian adults are still six times as likely as older adults in Denmark (10%) to oppose same-sex marriage. What the data says about gun deaths in the U.S. In addition to belief in God, Central and Eastern Europeans are more likely than Western Europeans to express belief in fate (that the course of life is largely or wholly preordained), as well as in some phenomena not typically linked with Christianity, including the evil eye (that certain people can cast curses or spells that cause bad things to happen to someone). What is life like in Europe? Even with workaholic Slovenians on one extreme and relaxed Bosnians on the other, Eastern Europeans tend to balance work and play better than Americans. For example, 83% of adults in Hungary and 82% of adults in Poland say it is very or somewhat important to have been born in their country to be truly Hungarian or truly Polish. And 72% of Russians say it is important to have Russian family background to be truly Russian.. In a 2014 survey, 57% of Americans disagreed with the statement Success in life is pretty much determined by forces outside our control, a higher percentage than in any of the European nations polled. Get unlimited access to over 84,000 lessons. And Protestantism is the dominant Christian tradition in much of Northern Europe, particularly Scandinavia. Thats ironic because communist countries were known for their bureaucracy, while capitalist ones were known for their efficiency. But Czechs also express low levels of acceptance toward Muslims, more closely resembling their neighbors in the East. 1Americans are more likely to believe they control their own destiny. Southern Europe is also home to the worlds smallest and least populous country, Vatican City, which has less than a thousand inhabitants. Westerners aim for a fierce and confident look, while Asians are more geared towards a 'light' and more natural look. Fortunately, however, this bloodshed eventually gave way to happier times. 2. These rights and principles are part of the EUs legal system and have been affirmed in decisions of the European Court of Justice going back decades.4 But the membership of the EU has changed in recent years, beginning in 2004 to spread significantly from its historic western base into Central and Eastern Europe. Eastern Europeans excel at having a simplified tax policy. To keep up with the pace of change, organizations that havent already can benefit greatly from exploring skills-based training. Many Eastern European cities are not designed around cars, and walking is common. While public opinion on the importance of religion, birthplace and ancestry to national identity is different in Central and Eastern Europe than it is in the West, people throughout the continent largely agree on some other elements of national belonging. Still, relatively few express willingness to accept Muslims as family members or neighbors. Get counterintuitive, surprising, and impactful stories delivered to your inbox every Thursday. This website helped me pass! Greece is located in south-east Europe! Even though abortion generally is legal in both Central/Eastern and Western Europe, there are regional differences in views on this topic, too.6 In every Western European nation surveyed including the heavily Catholic countries of Ireland, Italy and Portugal six-in-ten or more adults say abortion should be legal in all or most cases. Leaders often cite European values when defending their stances on highly charged political topics. Europe has strong social safety nets and this further reduces the level of stress in people's lives. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. But not everyone across Western Europe feels this way. Physical Traits of the Six European Races Found in Germany Nordic Race Western Race Eastern (Alpine) Race Dinarian Race East Baltic Race Phaehlian Race Build tall, slim short, slim short, stocky, broad tall, not-so-slim short, stocky, robust, big-boned tall, broad Legs long long short long short long Skull long, narrow, back of the head projecting Eastern European is what is called a panethnicity, which describes a group of ethnicities with common origins. Businesses tend to close during this time and reopen in the evening. The Iron Curtain that once divided Europe may be long gone, but the continent today is split by stark differences in public attitudes toward religion, minorities and social issues such as gay marriage and legal abortion. Public sentiment is very different in Central and Eastern Europe, where majorities in nearly all countries surveyed oppose allowing gays and lesbians to marry legally. In a separate question, Western Europeans also are much more likely than their Central and Eastern European counterparts to say they would accept Muslims in their neighborhoods.1 For example, 83% of Finns say they would be willing to accept Muslims as neighbors, compared with 55% of Ukrainians. In parts of Europe where siestas aren't common (such as Western and Northern Europe), businesses tend to close earlier in the evenings. (At the same time, its worth noting that on this and other questions there are differences within Europe too. Life in the UK and Scandinavia is different from continental Europe. The Cold War ended about 30 years ago but many of the differences between eastern and western Europe remain. Catholic-majority countries are prevalent in the central and southwestern parts of Europe, cutting a swath from Lithuania through Poland, Slovakia and Hungary, and then extending westward across Croatia, Austria, Italy and France to the Iberian Peninsula. Europe has a population for more than 747 million people. Deep underwater, temperatures are close to freezing and the pressure is 1,000 times higher than at sea level. (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. 6. I feel like its a lifeline. Eastern Europe is the largest and most populous . All the countries of Western Europe, with the exception of Switzerland, Monaco, and Liechtenstein, are members of the EU. Lots of time is spent with family, including several hours for meals. Europe has strong social safety nets and this further reduces the level of stress in people's lives. They may whine and complain, but theyll endure any hardship and overcome any challenge with a stoic and grim determination. Concerning the importance of family background to national identity, there is a bigger gap between young adults in Western Europe and young adults in Central and Eastern Europe than between the adult populations as a whole. Eastern Europe: Eastern Europe refers to the eastern part of Europe. Thats natural because there are common bonds, despite the diversitythe same goes for Eastern Europe. Compared with the rest of the world, the entire European continent has relatively low levels of traditional religious practice (e.g., church attendance, prayer), but they are slightly higher in Central and Eastern Europe than in the West. But in the East, views are more varied. Y-DNA Haplogroup N is closely linked with the spread of Finno-Ugric / Uralic speaking peoples all across Northern Eurasia, so its no surprise that 64.1% of Finnish males belong to Haplogroup N out of a sample of 2596 men nation wide. Once there, you'll discover friendly and welcoming cultures, with a heavy Russian influence. 1. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. These are Germany, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Liechtenstein, Slovenia, Austria, and Switzerland. @media (max-width: 1171px) { .sidead300 { margin-left: -20px; } } When examining the culture and society of the countries of Eastern Europe, a clear difference can be seen in family structures. Mediterranean Europe is an area that includes Eastern Spain, southern France, Italy, Croatia, Greece, Montenegro, and Albania. Among the other, smaller countries of Western Europe are the so-called Low Countries of the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg. More than half of this population resides in one country, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Western Europe: Western Europe refers to the western part of Europe. And most Hungarians say that being born in their country and having Hungarian ancestry are important to being truly Hungarian a typically Eastern European view of national identity. The face shape, eye color, complexion, etc., depending on their genetics and region. But this view is more widespread in Western Europe, while several Central and Eastern European countries are more divided. Eastern Europeans are a gritty, intense, and supernaturally sturdy people. They usually have got brown or dark . 1. 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA Transport, accommodation, and food tend to be less expensive than in Western Europe. The key difference between Western and Eastern Europe is that Eastern Europe consists of countries that once belonged to the Soviet block, unlike the Western European countries. What is the Physical Geography of Europe? People drive faster, talk to the neighbors less, and work longer hours. On one side are NATO and the EU. succeed. Just as it is in Western Europe, Germany is also the largest and most populous country in Central Europe. Central Europe also contains countries that were on different sides of the east-west divide during the Cold War. Your email address will not be published. For more on how the European Court of Justice has handled these issues, see Ferraro, Francesca, and Jess Carmona. But Southern Europe is more than just the ruins of ancient civilizations. 1.8k Advances in artificial intelligence have led to the increased use of facial-recognition technology. People in Central and Eastern Europe also are more likely than Western Europeans to say being born in their country and having family background there are important to truly share the national identity (e.g., to be truly Romanian; see here.). The subregion is home to two of Europes biggest political and economic powers, France and Germany. Formerly bitter enemies, Germany and France are now the driving force of European integration, especially after the withdrawal of the UK from the EU at the beginning of 2021. A train in Austria (left) versus Serbia (right). Adults in both regions say it is important to respect their countrys institutions and laws and to be able to speak the national language to truly share their national identity. On balance, Central and Eastern Europeans also are more likely to say they believe in God, and to express some New Age or folk religious beliefs such as that certain people can cast curses or spells that cause bad things to happen to someone (the evil eye). Research shows that spending more time on social media is associated with body image issues in boys and young men. Posted on 3rd July 2021 Review of Democracy. Still, there are notable differences across the Atlantic. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Europeans across the continent are largely united in support of a separation between religion and government. This belief is most widespread in Greece (66%), Latvia (66%), Ukraine (60%), Armenia (59%), Moldova (57%), Russia (56%) and Bulgaria (55%). These are not the only issues dividing Eastern and Western Europe.5 But they have been in the news since a surge in immigration to Europe brought record levels of refugees from predominantly Muslim countries and sparked fierce debates among European leaders and policymakers about border policies and national values. Knowing the main aspects of this lesson will allow you to: To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. By the way, the economy in some eastern European countries (Poland, Romania and Hungary) is relatively close to the Italian, Spanish and Portuguese or Scandinavian countries economy. He said, Eastern Europe has an untarnished relation to traditional European values. Its All About RGM (Rapid Growth Markets). For a complete analysis of abortion laws in Europe and elsewhere, see . Today, 72% of Americans say homosexuality should be accepted by society, compared with 21% who say it should not be accepted. However, the sample sizes in most countries do not allow for a detailed analysis of the attitudes of people in these groups. In fact, the opposite is true: In Western Europe, young adults (ages 18 to 34) are less likely than their elders to regard birthplace and ancestry as crucial to national identity, while in Central and Eastern Europe, young adults and older people are about equally likely to feel this way. Western Europe has long been regarded as the home of world-renowned cultural icons. Moreover, although the concept of Central Europe exists both historically and currently, there is no consensus as to which countries should be considered part of it. For the European Union, whose members include 24 of the 34 countries surveyed in this report, the term European values tends to signify what Americans might consider liberal ideals.2 The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union includes respect for cultural and religious diversity; prohibitions against discrimination based on religion and sexual orientation; the right to asylum for refugees; and guarantees of freedom of movement within the EU.3. The breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s resulted in much bloodshed. The GDP of Romania in year 2017 is $467 billion and PPP is approximately $25000. Teens Take After Their Parents Religiously, Attend Services Together and Enjoy Family Rituals, How do European countries differ in religious commitment? Compared with Western Europeans, fewer Central and Eastern Europeans would welcome Muslims or Jews into their families or neighborhoods, extend the right of marriage to gay or lesbian couples or broaden the definition of national identity to include people born outside their country. They also have a small smile that tends to be even more angled than Asians. And while adultery is widely frowned upon in the EU except, notably, in France Americans are even more likely to say having an affair is morally unacceptable. Asian Europeans have also thick lip area and a round or almond-shaped facial area. Fully nine-in-ten Russians, for instance, oppose legal same-sex marriage, while similarly lopsided majorities in the Netherlands, Denmark and Sweden favor allowing gay and lesbian couples to marry legally. According to my observations, the majority of Eastern Europeans (Slavs) have facial features such as high cheekbones and deep-set almond-shaped eyes with colors ranging from green, and dark blue, to light or dark brown. During the twentieth century, few regions on the planet suffered as much as Eastern Europeans. In many of these countries, the surveys show that people are less receptive to religious and cultural pluralism than they are in Western Europe challenging the notion of universal assent to a set of European values. Globally, there is a strong relationship between a countrys wealth and its level of religiosity. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax Life in Eastern Europe has more and more in common with the west every day, especially in cities. In fact, overwhelming majorities of adults in every European country surveyed East and West alike say it is important to respect the laws of their country in order to truly belong. For example, in the Baltic states of Latvia and Estonia, the vast majority of people say being Christian (specifically Lutheran) is not important to their national identity. Conscious of its spiritual and moral heritage, the Union is founded on the indivisible, universal values of human dignity, freedom, equality and solidarity; it is based on the principles of democracy and the rules of law. At one time, people used to say that the sun never sets on the British Empire, because the British had possessions in every corner of the world. Night skies are getting 9.6% brighter every year, How skills-based training can build the workforce of the future, Parents, boys also have body image issues thanks to social media, How jelly-like bodies help sea creatures survive extreme conditions. The region of Eastern Europe consists of people belonging to dozens of ethnic groups, including Poles, Slovaks, European Jewish, Bosniaks, Romani, Croats, Serbs, among many others.Mar 23, 2021 Advertisement What is a European face? It helped me pass my exam and the test questions are very similar to the practice quizzes on Study.com. Just over half in the U.S. (53%) say religion is very important in their life,nearly double the share who hold this view in Poland, which registered the highest percentage among EU nations polled in 2015. In addition, all the Western European countries surveyed have sizable populations of religiously unaffiliated people those who identify as atheist, agnostic or nothing in particular, collectively sometimes called nones. Nones make up at least 15% of the population in every Western European country surveyed, and they are particularly numerous in the Netherlands (48%), Norway (43%) and Sweden (42%). Religion: Western Europe: More Catholics and Protestant Christians can be seen. There is a strong tradition of hospitality in Eastern Europe, and generosity and goodwill are common: from inviting strangers to dinner to offerings of drinks and gifts. Germany is the most populous country in Western Europe, with a population of approximately 83 million, while France has a population of about 63 million. Russia is by far the largest and most populous country in Eastern Europe. Of course, there are other shared positive traits in Eastern Europe. For example, 98% of Danes, 96% of Hungarians and 87% of Russians say it is important to respect their institutions and laws to truly be Danish, Hungarian or Russian. {notificationOpen=false}, 2000);" x-data="{notificationOpen: false, notificationTimeout: undefined, notificationText: ''}">, Copy a link to the article entitled http://Six%20Enviable%20Traits%20From%20Eastern%20Europe. And in Ukraine, politicians have expressed plans to apply for membership in the future. The Center previously has published major reports on both surveys: Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe and Being Christian in Western Europe. Many of the same questions were asked in both regions, allowing for the comparisons in this report. Eastern Europeans typically have deep-set eyes, rounder faces, shorter noses, and very high cheekbones. The Central and Eastern Europe surveys were conducted via face-to-face-interviews, while Western Europeans were surveyed by telephone. Russia, Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine were all republics in the Soviet Union, until it collapsed in 1991. In this way, Eastern Europeans are similar to Western Europeans, although Eastern Europeans are one step more in the relaxed direction. Crime is also relatively low, even in cities. Compared to North American whites, the nose was much broader in East Asians and sub-Saharan Africans, the nose was longer and more prominent in Middle Eastern and Southern European populations (Greeks), the eyes were spaced farther apart in East Asians and some Middle Eastern populations, and the face was broader in East Asians. Religion plays a less-significant role in everyday life than places like the United States, and the majority do not attend church regularly. In Western Europe, there are a variety of reasons why many adults who were raised Christian have become unaffiliated. This is not to say that Central and Eastern Europeans are very religious by conventional measures of religious behavior. Eastern Europe is depopulating faster than any other region. More than half of adults in most countries say religion should be kept separate from government policies, rather than the opposing view that government policies should support religious values and beliefs. In Western Europe, far fewer people believe their lives are preordained roughly four-in-ten or fewer in most of the countries surveyed. What the data says about gun deaths in the U.S. When they were in the Soviet Unions sphere of influence, many Central and Eastern European countries officially kept religion out of public life. Classical musicians, like Mozart, Beethoven, Debussy, and Chopin. Altogether, these countries have a population of approximately 152 million people. Methods 2.1. Americans and Europeans share many things: a commitment to fundamental democratic principles, a strategic alliance that has shaped the world order for more than half a century, and despite serious economic challenges in recent years, some of the highest living standards in the world. Here, life is even more laid-back and relaxed than in the West. Given that, its amazing that Eastern Europeans arent more screwed up. To summarize an entire way of life in a whole continent, much less one that contains around 50 countries, is no easy task. Read our research on: Congress | Economy | Black Americans. Eastern Europe shares common positive characteristics that not only distinguish it from Western Europe, but also from most of the world. Most of Europe's countries are now part of the European Union (EU) and/or NATO. Michael Derrer, a Swiss consultant and translator for Eastern Europe, told me, Western perfectionism asks for improving situations, which of course is good in the long run, but Eastern Europeans can cope with situations that are not perfect, which is useful for the short-term individual well-being.. Of course, Eastern Europeans are a diverse bunch, as The Hidden Europe certainly proves. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Although Western European cities have nice pedestrian zones, because Eastern Europeans dont have as many cars as Western Europeans, theyre more likely to walk everywhere. The question is exceedingly complex. Your email address will not be published. Attitudes toward religious minorities in the region go hand in hand with differing conceptions of national identity. Amongst 269 samples of Savonians (Eastern Finns), 92.2% of them belong to Haplogroup N. Religion is central to life, especially in Italy where the Catholic faith is dominant. And of course, the United Kingdom voted in 2016 to leave the European Union, which many have suggested came in part due to concerns about immigration and open borders. At much higher elevations are the Alpine countries of Switzerland, Austria, and the small principality of Liechtenstein. While majorities in most Central and Eastern European countries tie being Christian to being truly Serbian, Polish, etc. In Bosnia, roughly half of the population is Muslim, while Russia and Bulgaria have sizable Muslim minority populations. FIG. Most of Russias land mass, however, is part of Asia, not Europe, as Russia is a transcontinental country, and has territory in both Europe and Asia. The countries of Scandinavia are well-known for their cradle-to-grave welfare states. For some, it conjures up the continents Christian heritage; for others, it connotes a broader political liberalism that encompasses a separation between church and state, asylum for refugees, and democratic government. Western Europe: Western Europe is economically more advanced as well as prosperous. I do appreciate the liberalization in the western world during the past 40 years. It places the individual at the heart of its activities, by establishing the citizenship of the Union and by creating an area of freedom, security and justice.. For example, in nearly every Central and Eastern European country polled, fewer than half of adults say they would be willing to accept Muslims into their family; in nearly every Western European country surveyed, more than half say they would accept a Muslim into their family. On the other hand, Western Europeans are also diverse (compare Portugal with Norway), yet that doesnt stop us from seeing their common traits. In France and the United Kingdom, for example, most say it is not important to be Christian to be truly French or truly British. East Europeans in addition have thick lip area and a round or perhaps almond-shaped deal with. Lithuania (33% flat tax) and Latvia (25%) followed. Western Europe (Robinson Project)By Serg!o [GFDL or CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons, 2. Since that year, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia have joined the EU. Use our interactive map to find out, 60% of Americans Would Be Uncomfortable With Provider Relying on AI in Their Own Health Care, The changing face of Congress in 8 charts. (See Religion in Latin America: Widespread Change in a Historically Catholic Region and Tolerance and Tension: Islam and Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa.) In Western Europe, on the other hand, in no country does a majority express belief in the evil eye. This pattern holds across the region; young adults in nearly every Central and Eastern European country are much more conservative on this issue compared with both younger and older Western Europeans. They also have a small smile that tends to be more angled than Asians. In seven Central and Eastern European countries, however, the view that church and state should be separate falls short of a majority position. Life in European cities is different from the country. 2. For example, 61% of younger Estonians (ages 18 to 34) oppose legal gay marriage in their country, compared with 75% of those 35 and older. But you don't have to go far from a major city, even in Western Europe, to find this attitude change. Another important reason is a connection with their national heritage. In Western Europe, meanwhile, majorities in nearly every country surveyed say religion should be kept separate from government policies. A sampling of other topics that are said to divide Eastern and Western Europe, other than those included in this report, include sentiment regarding democracy; the importance of individualism in society, as opposed to collectivism; and overall economic well-being. Iceland is home to the worlds oldest parliament, the Althing. Particularly sharp differences emerge when comparing attitudes in countries historically associated with Eastern vs. Western Europe. Thats why they want to take away from us the right to decide with whom we want to live.. 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA The surveys asked respondents across the continent whether they agree with the statement, Our people are not perfect, but our culture is superior to others. While there are exceptions, Central and Eastern Europeans overall are more inclined to say their culture is superior. Eastern Europe is the largest and most populous subregion in Europe, with approximately 292 million people, and a total land area of 18,052,768 sq. This may reflect the fact that multiple languages are spoken in these countries, including large numbers of Russian speakers in Moldova, Ukraine and Belarus. 5. Age differences are stronger in Western Europe than in Eastern Europe on this issue: Younger adults across most of Western Europe are more likely than those ages 35 and older to prefer separation of church and state. Other parts of the world where Pew Research Center has conducted in-depth surveys of religious beliefs and practices include. These geographic races include: Europeans (which include Middle Easterners and Mediterraneans) Eastern Indians Asians American Indians Africans Melanesians Micronesians Polynesians Australian Aborigines 3. 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